Flying-machine.



w. a. cLEMm' fs. FLYING MAcHmE. APPLICATION FILED NOV 11, I911.

, Patented July-6, 1915.

g I 2 SHEETS-SHEET y. 5 I g I W. B. CLEF'IENTLE FLYING MACHlNE.APPLICATION FILED Nov. 11, 1911.

' Pattantefi July 1915* 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2- [*V/TAZESSES "WILLARD l3.VCLEMENTS, F WEST UNION, IOWZQ.

FLYING-MACHINE Application filed November 11, 1911.

To (M ro/mm at" may concern it known that l, WILLARD B. CLnMnN'rs,citizen of the United States, residing at West Union, in the county ofFayette and State of Iowa, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Flying-Machines, of which the following is aspecification.

This invention relates to'a steadying oar for flying machines.

The main object of the invention is to provide a. flying machineembodying among other characteristics means to balance and to preventrolling of the machine with an auniliary means for retarding and preventing swinging movement and sudden tipping of the machine.

Another object is to provide a steadymg car for aeroplanes or any othertype of fly ing machine which is adapted to overcome and prevent unduerolnng and sudden tipping of the machine.

A still further object is to provide a steadying oar adapted forconnection with any type of flying machine and among othercharacteristics being foldable whereby it may desired.

With the above androther objects in View,

the invention consists in the construction and novel combination ofparts hereinafter more fully described, illustrated in the accompanyingdrawings, and pointed out in the claims hereto appended;it beingunderstood that various changes in the form, proportion, size and minordetails of construction, maybe resorted to without departing from thespirit or sacrificing any of th e advantages of'the invention. f-

in the drawings :--Figure 1 is a front view. Fig. 2 is a perspectiveview looking toward the bottom of the machine. Fig. 3 is a sideelevation. Fig i is a bottom' plan view.

It will be understood at the outset that my improved steadying ear isnot limited to use in connection with the flying machine illustrated inthe accompanying drawings. The improved steadying car is readilyapplicable to flying machines of all types. How-even will proceed todescribe the illustrated in the accompany ng Specification of LettersPatent.

be spread for action or folded, when Serial No. 659,809.

drawings in which thereference character 1 indicates arectangular-shaped frame composed preferably of tubular members bracedby a plurality of tubular braces 2, which are Patented July e, leis.

crossed by another tubular brace 3. Wire cables 4- cross each other andare secured to opposite sides of the frame 1, as clearly shown;Theconnections between the braces 2 and Swith the frame 1 are preferablyreinforced. To the frame is secured the main plane a to effect properlifting of the machine. Secured to the side bars of the frame 1 arewings 5 and 6 which are preferably curved transversely and which arebraced at the ends of the frame ,by means of suitable braces 7 and 8.These wings 5 and 6 extend upwardly preferably throughout the length ofthe frame 1 to aid in lifting and to pre vent undue rolling or tiltingof the machine.

Secured to the frame 1 is a supplemental frame which consists of sidebars 9 and '9,

connected at their lower ends by a bar 10 having reinforced connectionwith said side bars.

Suspended from theframe 1 of the plane a by means of suitable braces 11is a car 12, which may be of any form, referably pointed at one or bothends. Iii any event, the bottom of the car at the forward end ispreferably'inclined upwardly, as at 13, with the forward end of the carprovided with a winpropeller shafts are mounted propellers 19 and 20, ofany suitable character. The pro pellers preferably operate on oppositesides of the window 14 of the car so as not to interfere with the Viewof the operator. The shafts 17 and 18 have-beveled or other gearconnections 21 and 22 with the beveled or other gears 23 and 24 carriedby theshaft f 25 0f the 'engine26 supported onthe car preferably therear of the pilot house,

the car for manipulation, as will be understood.

Extending forwardly from the frame 11s a pair-of braces 33 and.extending forwardly from the bar 10 of the second frame, is a pair ofbraces 34-. These pairs of braces are connected together at their upperends and are adapted to receive the horizontal pintle 35 of the rudder36. This rudder 36 is controlled from the pilothouse, preferably bymeans o fa cable 37 leading from one edge 05 the: rudder over a sheave38 and back to t 'e leads irom the opposite side ofthe ruddenbver apulley 40, back house.

Mounted upon the part 10 of the second mentioned frame, are groundengaging wheels 41. adapted to coiiperate with the ground engagingwheels 42; carried on the axle 43 secured to the car 12 to permit themachine to be transported over ground, and also to provide means formoving the machine in the starting operation. The ma chine is firststarted by setting the engine 26 in operation. This causes the shaft4ato rotate and by virtue of the beveled gear Connection 45 of the shaft44 with the beveled gear @6 on the rear axle 43, the machine is drivenby the engine over the ground on the wheels 41 and 42 until theoperation of the propellers 19 and 20 creates such wind power as to actupon the main plane to lift the machine into the air.

It will thus be seen that I provide connections between the engine andthe propellers and the drive shaft whereby power of the engine isconverted in a horizontal direction to the rear wheels to start themachine and also the propeller' 'lhese connections between the wheelsand the engine and between the engine and the propellers are so arrangedthat power of the engine may be converted directly either to the wheelswhich support the machine or to the propeller. lit will also be seenthat the wings 5 and 6 are so arranged as to overcome 1111 due rollingand side tilting ofthe machine.

To reinforce or further provide against swinging movements and suddentipping of the machine, I provide my steadying" oar and locate it at therear of the machine. This .steadying oar consists preferably of a fixedrod 47 secured in any suitable manner at its inner end in the bracket48. Swing ingly connected to this hraclret at pilot hp 'ise, and also bya cable 39,

to the pilot ends connected to the outer ed es of a to . to a rollingmotion.

menace rods 4-9 and 50. Connected over these e7, 49 and 50, is a sheetof canvas, sill: other suitable material 51, and when operator desiresto come down to the and when the machine is on the grouuii rods 49 and50 may be swung on their p in the bracket :8 up against the rod t? inthis way close or fold up the oar so it will be out of the way andpermit machine to be disposed on the ground i out danger of breaking orinjuring the o r.

When the stezidying oar is in oper position, as shown in Fig. l, auditis sired to close or fold up the same, it is o necessary for theoperator to pull on ti cord 52. The outer end of this cord is fixedlyconnected at 53 to the rod 50 e d passes over pulleys 54: and 55 on roe49 and l7,re'spectively. When the stea f ing-oar is folded, it may beunfolded by the operator who may pull upon the cord 58- which is fixedlyconnected to the rod 50 and. 1 which leads to the pilot house, as doesthe cord 52. Thus, the oar may be readily spread or folded and the rodson which the so canvas, silk or other material is secured may be bambooor any other suitable lig material.

If desired, suitable flexible guy ropes 5T, 58 and 59 may be secured tothe lower part of the steadying oar with their wings 5 and 6 of themachine, 'llhese ropes are preferably fastened back enough on .the wingsto become wh the steadying oar is spread out to its fu lest extent.

Whatis claimed is 1. The combination with a flying; machine including a,rigid frame, and a car rigidly 1% secured thereto; of a relatively largecollapsible steadying oar secured 'to the car and projecting beneaththesame and also projecting beyond the rear end of the frame Work of themachine and held normally al open when the machine is in the air andadapted the instant the machine begins I roll to prevent the caroverturning incident 2. In a flying machine, a frame, a plane 116secured to the frame, a car suspended from the frame, a propellerjournaled in the frame, a rudder operable on the frame, means :foroperating the rudder, and a relatively large collapsible steadying oarmounts ed on the car and projecting beneath the latter and alsoprojecting beyond the rear end of the frame and arranged centrally ofthe machine to co-act with the latter to tard lateral rolling motion ofthe machine V 3. The combination with a flying machine including a'ng dframe and a car secured thereto; of a relatively large cal.

- glasses lapsible steadying oar secured to the rear vent overturning ofthe machine ilflflidfiilh M; m end of the car and projecting beneath thea relhng metien. same and also projecting beyond the rear In testimenywhet'eof I afix my signature end of the franieworlfz of the maghine andin presence of twe W lt/11658855 5 arran ed in the ine 0 v the .onvituin'al axis T n a of thi machine and adapted to be main- WILLARD QLEMENTStained in open position during all the time Witnesses: the machine is inthe air so as to act in- J. N. DWYER, stantly upon rolling of themachine to pre C. W. HAWKINS,

